Itaipu hydroelectric dam aerial view with massive water release

Aerial view of the Itaipu hydroelectric dam with massive water release, highlighting its power and architectural symmetry.

About this subject

The Itaipu hydroelectric dam, located on the Paraná River at the border between Brazil and Paraguay, is one of the largest in the world in terms of energy generation. Inaugurated in 1984, its construction involved a binational agreement and displaced about 10,000 families, forming a reservoir of 1,350 km². The dam is 7,919 meters long and 196 meters high, with controlled water release through spillways, as seen in the image. This flow can reach 62,200 m³/s, equivalent to 40 times the average flow of Iguazu Falls. The dam's symmetry is an engineering landmark, with 20 generating units totaling 14 GW of installed capacity. In 2016, Itaipu set a world record for annual production, generating 103.1 million MWh. The plant supplies about 10% of Brazil's energy consumption and 85% of Paraguay's. Beyond power generation, the reservoir is used for navigation and tourism, attracting visitors to the Spillway Lookout. The operation is monitored by flood control systems, crucial for regional safety. The spillway, 483 meters wide, is activated during high flow periods, creating visual spectacles like the one in the image. Dam maintenance includes regular inspections and environmental studies to mitigate impacts such as silting and water quality. The energy from Itaipu avoids millions of tons of CO2 emissions annually, replacing thermal power plants. The dam is considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Modern World by the American Society of Civil Engineers, standing as a symbol of international cooperation and technological innovation.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many generating units does the Itaipu dam have?

The dam has 20 generating units, each with a capacity of 700 MW, totaling 14 GW of installed power.

What is the maximum spillway capacity of Itaipu?

The spillway can release up to 62,200 m³/s, equivalent to 40 times the average flow of Iguazu Falls.

Is Itaipu considered a wonder of the modern world?

Yes, it was elected one of the Seven Wonders of the Modern World by the American Society of Civil Engineers, highlighting its engineering and international cooperation.