Shrimp farm aerial

Aerial view of a shrimp farm highlighting the layout of rectangular ponds and intensive aquaculture systems.

About this subject

Shrimp farming, or aquaculture of shrimp, is a growing industry in Brazil, particularly in the Northeast region, which accounts for most of national production. Farms use excavated ponds supplied with seawater or brackish water, as seen in this layout. The main species is Litopenaeus vannamei, the Pacific white shrimp, introduced in the 1990s and well adapted to tropical conditions.

Intensive management requires constant aeration, balanced feeding, and control of parameters like salinity and temperature. Brazilian production reaches about 100,000 tons annually, generating direct and indirect jobs in coastal communities. However, the sector faces challenges such as viral diseases like white spot syndrome, which can cause significant losses.

Environmentally, shrimp farming is criticized for mangrove deforestation to build ponds and the use of antibiotics and fertilizers that may pollute adjacent ecosystems. Therefore, sustainable practices like biofloc systems and water reuse are being adopted. Certifications such as the Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) help promote responsible standards.

Notably, Brazil is one of the world's largest shrimp exporters, targeting European and American markets. The tilt-shift effect in this aerial view, mimicking a miniature model, contrasts with the massive scale of operations that can span hundreds of hectares. Shrimp farming remains a strategic sector for the blue economy, combining innovation with environmental and social challenges.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the main shrimp species farmed in Brazil?

The main species is Litopenaeus vannamei, the Pacific white shrimp, introduced in Brazil in the 1990s.

What are the main environmental challenges of shrimp farming?

Key challenges include mangrove deforestation for pond construction, use of antibiotics and fertilizers, and viral diseases such as white spot syndrome.

Is Brazil a major shrimp producer and exporter?

Yes, Brazil is among the world's top producers, especially in the Northeast region, and exports mainly to Europe and the United States.