Eagle hunter mongolia

Mongolia's eagle hunters, known as berkutchi, preserve an ancient falconry tradition in the Altai Mountains, using golden eagles to hunt.

About this subject

Mongolia's eagle hunters, or berkutchi, are ethnic Kazakhs living in the western part of the country, primarily in Bayan-Ölgii province. This falconry tradition dates back over 2,000 years, passed down through generations. Unlike European falconry, which uses falcons, berkutchi employ female golden eagles, which can weigh up to 7 kilograms and have a wingspan of over 2 meters. The eagles are captured as juveniles, trained for several years, and after about a decade of service, they are released back into the wild.

The hunting technique involves horses and dogs to locate prey such as foxes and wolves. The hunter releases the eagle, which attacks the prey with powerful talons, often in snowy mountainous terrain. This tradition is not only a means of subsistence but also a symbol of status and cultural identity. Today, the Altai Eagle Festival, held annually in October, attracts tourists worldwide, featuring skill competitions and displays of traditional attire.

Despite modernization, the practice faces challenges like declining natural prey and legal restrictions. However, berkutchi continue adapting, blending ancient techniques with conservation efforts. The bond between hunter and eagle is deep, built on trust and mutual respect, and passing down this knowledge is considered a family honor. UNESCO recognized falconry as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, including the Mongolian practice.

Frequently Asked Questions

Where do eagle hunters live in Mongolia?

They live in Bayan-Ölgii province in western Mongolia, a mountainous region with strong Kazakh cultural influence.

How are eagles trained for hunting?

Eagles are captured as juveniles, fed, and conditioned to return to the hunter's fist. Training takes 2-3 years, using lures to simulate hunting.

What is the role of the Altai Festival?

The Altai Eagle Festival celebrates this tradition with agility and precision competitions, displays of traditional costumes, and boosts cultural tourism.