Eagle hunter mongolia

Eagle hunting in Mongolia is a millennia-old tradition of the Kazakh people, practiced in the Altai Mountains, where falconers train golden eagles to hunt foxes and wolves.

About this subject

Eagle hunting, known as berkutchi, is an ancient practice of the Kazakh people living in Bayan-Ölgii province in western Mongolia. In this region of arid, mountainous landscapes, falconers capture golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) chicks and train them over years to hunt prey such as foxes and wolves. The bond between hunter and bird is so strong that the eagle is treated as a family member, receiving special feeding and rest during winter.

Training begins with familiarizing the eagle to human presence and the use of leather gloves. After months of conditioning, the eagle learns to fly on command and attack prey. A well-trained eagle can catch foxes at full speed and even wolves, contributing to the family's livelihood. The technique involves a leather hood (shokpar) that covers the bird's eyes to keep it calm during travel.

The tradition gained international recognition with the annual Golden Eagle Festival, held in October in the city of Ölgii. The event gathers dozens of falconers who compete in skill trials, such as calling the eagle from a long distance and hunting a fox pelt pulled by a horse. In 2010, UNESCO inscribed falconry as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, including the Mongolian practice.

Today, eagle hunting faces challenges such as habitat loss and modernization of Kazakh communities. However, young falconers, including women like Aisholpan Nurgaiv, have kept the tradition alive. Documentaries like "The Eagle Huntress" (2016) helped spread knowledge of the practice worldwide, generating tourism and renewed interest.

Frequently Asked Questions

How long does it take to train a golden eagle for hunting?

Full training takes three to four years, starting with capturing a chick and progressing through familiarization, command conditioning, and actual hunting. The eagle is usually released after about ten years of service.

What animals are hunted by eagles in Mongolia?

The main prey are foxes and wolves. Eagles also hunt hares and marmots, but larger game provides furs used for clothing and local market sale.

Can women be eagle hunters?

Yes, though traditionally a male role, women like Aisholpan Nurgaiv have gained fame. Aisholpan won the Golden Eagle Festival in 2014, challenging gender norms and inspiring new generations.