Last supper detail

Detail of Leonardo da Vinci's Last Supper, a mural in the refectory of the Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan.

About this subject

The Last Supper, painted by Leonardo da Vinci between 1495 and 1498, is one of the world's most famous murals. Located in the refectory of the Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, Italy, it depicts the biblical moment when Jesus announces that one of his apostles will betray him. Leonardo innovated by using a mixed technique of tempera and oil on gesso, rather than traditional fresco, allowing greater detail but also causing rapid deterioration. Since the 16th century, the painting has undergone numerous restorations, the most recent completed in 1999, which removed centuries of overpainting and grime, revealing vibrant original colors.

The detail captures the facial expression and hands of one of the apostles, possibly Judas or Peter, showcasing Leonardo's mastery in portraying emotion. Each apostle reacts distinctly to Jesus's announcement, and the composition is organized in groups of three, with Christ at the center forming a triangle. Linear perspective and the use of light highlight Jesus as the focal point. The painting measures approximately 4.6 by 8.8 meters and occupies the entire north wall of the refectory.

Unfortunately, due to experimental techniques and environmental conditions, the work began to deteriorate as early as the 16th century. During World War II, the refectory was bombed, but the wall with the painting survived thanks to sandbags. Today, the Last Supper is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and attracts millions of visitors, who must book months in advance to view the work in limited 15-minute sessions.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is the Last Supper deteriorating?

Leonardo used an experimental technique of tempera and oil on gesso, which did not adhere well to the wall. Moisture, infiltrations, and inadequate restorations over centuries accelerated the decay.

Where exactly is the Last Supper located?

It is painted on the north wall of the refectory of the Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, Italy.

How long does a visit to the artwork last?

Visits are limited to groups of 25 people at a time, with a maximum duration of 15 minutes, to control humidity and temperature.