Eagle hunter mongolia

Eagle hunting in Mongolia, a millennia-old Kazakh tradition, combines equestrian skill and raptor training.

About this subject

Eagle hunting, known as berkutchi, is an ancient tradition of the Kazakh people living in Bayan-Ölgii province, western Mongolia. Using golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos), hunters develop a unique partnership with the birds, trained to hunt foxes, wolves, and other prey in the Altai Mountains. Eagles are captured as chicks at 3-4 months old and undergo intensive training that lasts months, involving controlled feeding, exposure to horses, and simulated hunts.

The training process requires patience and knowledge passed down through generations. The hunter (berkutchi) bonds deeply with the bird, using food rewards to reinforce behaviors. Females are preferred because they are up to one-third larger and more aggressive, ideal for taking down larger prey. During the hunt, primarily in winter, the hunter rides a horse and releases the eagle, which swoops down on the target. Communication is subtle, relying on whistles and gestures.

The tradition gained international recognition with the annual Golden Eagle Festival, held in October in Bayan-Ölgii. The event gathers dozens of hunters for competitions in agility, calling, and simulated hunting, attracting global tourists. In 2011, UNESCO inscribed falconry, including the Mongolian practice, on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Despite modernization pressures, eagle hunting remains vibrant, adapting to sustainable tourism and being passed to new generations as a symbol of Kazakh identity.

Frequently Asked Questions

How is an eagle trained in Mongolia?

Eagles are captured young and trained for months. The hunter (berkutchi) bonds with the bird using food rewards and exposure to hunting scenarios. Females are preferred for their larger size and aggression.

Where does eagle hunting occur in Mongolia?

Mainly in Bayan-Ölgii province in western Mongolia, home to the Kazakh people. The Altai Mountains provide the ideal terrain.

Is eagle hunting legal and protected?

Yes, it is a protected cultural tradition. While hunting is allowed, regulations exist to conserve eagle populations. The annual festival promotes tourism and helps keep the practice alive.