Eagle hunter mongolia

Kazakh eagle hunters in Mongolia preserve a millennia-old falconry tradition in the Altai Mountains, using golden eagles trained to hunt foxes and hares.

About this subject

The tradition of eagle hunting, known as burkitshi or kusbegi, is practiced by the Kazakh people in western Mongolia, especially in Bayan-Ölgii province. This form of falconry uses golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos), captured as chicks and trained for months to form a bond with the hunter. Hunting takes place in winter, with the men on horseback using the eagles to catch foxes and hares, whose furs provide clothing and sustenance.

This practice was recognized by UNESCO as Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2010, as part of the multinational falconry nomination. Every year, the Golden Eagle Festival in Bayan-Ölgii gathers dozens of hunters for skill competitions, such as calling the eagle from long distances and demonstrating simulated hunting prowess. The event attracts tourists and documentarians, helping to preserve the cultural legacy.

Golden eagles are released back into the wild after about 10 years of service, a gesture of respect for the animal. Knowledge transmission occurs across generations, mainly from father to son, though modernization and shrinking hunting areas threaten continuity. Still, the tradition endures as a symbol of Kazakh identity.

Frequently Asked Questions

How does one become an eagle hunter in Mongolia?

Traditionally, knowledge is passed from father to son. The young apprentice learns to capture and train a golden eagle chick, bonding and teaching basic commands over months. Actual hunting takes place in winter, requiring physical endurance and equestrian skill.

What is the difference between falconry and eagle hunting?

Both train birds of prey for hunting, but falconry typically uses falcons and hawks, while eagle hunting uses golden eagles, which are larger and heavier. Training techniques and target prey also differ.

Is the Golden Eagle Festival tourist-oriented?

Though it has become a popular tourist event, the competition retains its authentic cultural character. Hunters participate to demonstrate traditional skills and compete for prizes, with local judges and age-old rules.