Gyrocopter autogyro

The gyrocopter, also known as autogyro, is a rotary-wing aircraft that combines features of helicopters and airplanes, using a free-spinning rotor for lift.

About this subject

The gyrocopter, also known as autogyro, was invented by Spanish engineer Juan de la Cierva in 1923. Unlike a helicopter, its main rotor is not powered: it spins freely in autorotation due to forward motion. A rear propeller, driven by a conventional engine, provides thrust. This configuration enables very short takeoffs and landings, as well as stable flight at low speeds. The autogyro was an important precursor to the helicopter and contributed to the development of articulated rotors. During World War II, it was used for observation and patrol. Today, it is popular in recreational and sport aviation, considered a safe aircraft due to its autorotation capability, allowing gentle landings even with engine failure. Civil gyrocopter certification follows specific standards, such as FAR Part 27 in the United States. There are various modern models, with engines up to 200 hp and cruise speeds between 100 and 180 km/h. Piloting requires specific training, but maintenance is relatively simple compared to helicopters.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between a gyrocopter and a helicopter?

In a gyrocopter, the main rotor is unpowered and spins freely in autorotation, whereas a helicopter's rotor is engine-driven. A gyrocopter requires forward motion to generate lift and cannot hover like a helicopter.

Is the gyrocopter safe?

Yes, it is considered very safe. In the event of an engine failure, the rotor continues to spin in autorotation, allowing a controlled landing. It also avoids stall issues common with fixed-wing aircraft.

Do I need a pilot's license to fly a gyrocopter?

Yes, a specific gyrocopter (or autogyro) pilot license is required, including theoretical and practical training. In many countries, it is a separate category from helicopter or airplane licenses.