Great wall of china stretching

The Great Wall of China snakes across mountains and deserts, one of the most impressive structures ever built by humankind.

About this subject

The Great Wall of China is not a single continuous wall but a series of fortifications built over centuries, starting in the 7th century BC, by various dynasties. The most famous and well-preserved sections, such as Badaling, date from the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), which consolidated and extended defenses to protect the empire from northern invasions. The wall is estimated to stretch over 21,000 kilometers in total, including branches and natural barriers like rivers and mountains used as obstacles.

Construction employed millions of workers, soldiers, peasants, and prisoners, and many died during the works, being buried nearby. Hence the wall is also known as the 'longest cemetery on earth'. Techniques varied according to available materials: rammed earth, stone, and bricks. In some sections, the wall reaches up to 8 meters high and 5 meters wide at the top, allowing carts and soldiers to pass.

Contrary to popular myth, the Great Wall is not visible from space with the naked eye. This idea was spread before the space age, but astronauts confirm it is hard to spot without optical aid. The wall has been a UNESCO World Heritage site since 1987 and attracts millions of tourists annually, especially near Beijing at sections like Mutianyu and Jinshanling, offering panoramic views and historical hikes.

Despite its grandeur, the wall was never completely effective as a military barrier. Successful invasions occurred, such as by the Mongols in the 13th century and the Manchus in the 17th century. Today, the wall suffers from natural erosion and human impact, including vandalism and road construction. Restoration projects try to preserve what remains, but many remote sections are in ruins, overgrown with vegetation.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the total length of the Great Wall of China?

The Great Wall stretches over 21,000 kilometers, including all its branches and natural barriers used as defenses.

Is the Great Wall really visible from space?

No, it is not visible with the naked eye from space. This is a popular myth debunked by astronauts.

How many people died building the wall?

Exact numbers are unknown, but it is estimated that millions of workers died during construction, many buried along the wall.