Cashmere sweater folded

Cashmere is a luxurious fiber obtained from the cashmere goat, prized for its softness and lightness. Learn how it's produced and how to care for it.

About this subject

Cashmere is one of the most prized natural fibers in the textile world, originating from the Kashmir region in northern India but now primarily produced in Mongolia, China, and Iran. The fiber comes from the soft undercoat of the cashmere goat (Capra hircus), which thrives in harsh climates with severe winters. Each goat produces only about 150 to 200 grams of raw cashmere per year, explaining its high cost. After shearing, the fiber undergoes manual or mechanical dehairing to remove coarse outer hairs, leaving only the fine down with an average diameter of 14 to 19 microns.

Cashmere production involves meticulous steps: washing, carding, spinning, and weaving. Natural cashmere colors range from white to gray and brown, but most is dyed in vibrant shades. Genuine cashmere garments are lightweight, warm, and extremely soft, yet require special care. They should be hand-washed in cold water with mild soap, dried flat to avoid stretching, and stored in fabric bags to protect against moths.

Beyond clothing, cashmere is used in blankets, scarves, and luxury accessories. The industry faces environmental and ethical challenges, such as overgrazing causing desertification in Mongolia. Certification initiatives like the Cashmere Good Cashmere Standard aim to promote sustainable practices and animal welfare. Consumers can identify quality cashmere by the label: 100% cashmere, appropriate weight (typically 150-200 g/m² for knits), and a reliable origin seal.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between cashmere and regular wool?

Cashmere is finer, softer, and lighter than sheep's wool, and it does not itch. It is produced from the undercoat of the cashmere goat, while regular wool comes from sheep.

How can I tell if cashmere is genuine?

Check the label: it should say 100% cashmere. Feel the fabric: real cashmere is silky, not rough. A very low price may indicate a blend with other fibers.

Can I machine wash cashmere?

It is not recommended. Hand washing in cold water with mild soap is best. If using a machine, select a delicate cycle and place the garment in a laundry bag. Never wring or use high spin.