Senate plenary chamber with empty blue chairs and Brazilian flag projected

Senate plenary chamber with empty blue chairs and projected Brazilian flag during an ordinary session in Brasília.

About this subject

The Senate plenary chamber is the main deliberation space of the Brazilian Federal Senate, located in the National Congress Palace in Brasília. Designed by Oscar Niemeyer, the semicircular hall features 81 blue chairs, one for each senator representing the 26 states and the Federal District. The projected national flag at the back is a common element during sessions, symbolizing federal unity.

On ordinary session days, the plenary is often partially empty in the early moments, but the presence of the presiding officer and party leaders is mandatory for opening proceedings. Empty chairs indicate that the session is ongoing, with senators attending committee meetings or in their offices. The electronic voting system installed in the seats allows lawmakers to cast votes remotely.

The Federal Senate is one of two houses of the Brazilian National Congress, responsible for reviewing bills, approving Executive nominations, and financial oversight. Each senator serves an eight-year term, with partial renewal every four years. The chamber has hosted historic moments, such as impeachment votes and constitutional amendments.

Lighting in the plenary is adjusted according to the time of day; on overcast days, artificial lights maintain the necessary brightness for live broadcasts by TV Senado. The building's dome, 28 meters high, is an architectural icon of Brasília, a UNESCO World Heritage site.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many chairs are in the Senate plenary?

There are 81 blue chairs, one for each senator representing the 26 states and the Federal District.

Why is the plenary empty during sessions?

Empty chairs indicate senators are in committee meetings or offices, but the session continues with party leaders present.

What is the role of the Federal Senate?

To review bills, approve Executive nominations, and oversee public finances.