Lencois maranhenses dunes pools

Lençóis Maranhenses: a desert of white dunes with crystal-clear seasonal lagoons in Maranhão, Brazil.

About this subject

The Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, located in northeastern Brazil in the state of Maranhão, features a landscape unlike any other: a vast expanse of white sand dunes spanning approximately 1,550 km². Between June and September, rainfall creates crystal-clear freshwater lagoons in the valleys between the dunes, resulting in a stunning scene. These lagoons, such as Lagoa Azul and Lagoa Bonita, can reach depths of up to 3 meters and are fed solely by precipitation, as the region has a high water table that makes the sand impermeable.

The dunes can reach heights of 40 meters, shaped by constant winds. The area is home to traditional communities, such as fishermen and artisans, who rely on ecotourism. The park was established in 1981 to protect this fragile ecosystem, which hosts species adapted to extreme conditions, such as the annual fish (which survives drought buried in the lagoon bottoms).

The geological formation is recent, dating from the Quaternary period, and results from sediment deposition by the Preguiças River and coastal drift. The contrast between white dunes and turquoise lagoons attracts visitors worldwide, especially for hiking and 4x4 tours. The best time to visit is from June to September when the lagoons are full. Despite being a tourist destination, environmental preservation is challenging due to high visitor numbers and lack of sustainable infrastructure.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the best time to visit Lençóis Maranhenses?

The best time is between June and September when the lagoons are full after the rainy season. Outside this period, the lagoons dry up and the dunes become more arid.

How to get to Lençóis Maranhenses?

The nearest airport is in São Luís, capital of Maranhão. From there, you go to Barreirinhas or Santo Amaro, the main gateways to the park. Access is via dirt roads and 4x4 tours.

Is Lençóis Maranhenses a desert?

Technically no, because it receives regular rainfall that forms the lagoons. It is a coastal dune field with a semi-arid climate but high seasonal precipitation.