Brazilian Supreme Court modernist exterior with reflecting pool

Modernist facade of the Brazilian Supreme Court in Brasília with a reflecting pool, a landmark of Oscar Niemeyer's architecture.

About this subject

The Supreme Federal Court (STF) is the highest body of the Brazilian Judiciary, responsible for upholding the Federal Constitution. Its headquarters, located at the Three Powers Square in Brasília, was designed by Oscar Niemeyer and inaugurated in 1960, alongside the new capital. The building is an iconic example of Brazilian modernism, characterized by straight lines, geometric volumes, and the use of exposed concrete. The main facade, facing the reflecting pool, creates a sense of lightness and transparency, symbolizing the openness and impartiality of justice. The building consists of two horizontal blocks: the plenary hall, where trial sessions occur, and the administrative annex. The reflecting pool mirrors the architecture, integrating the building with Roberto Burle Marx's landscaping. The choice of location, in the political heart of the country, reinforces the independence of the three branches of government. The STF has been the stage for historic decisions, such as the legalization of same-sex civil unions in 2011 and the impeachment of President Dilma Rousseff in 2016.

Frequently Asked Questions

Who designed the Brazilian Supreme Court building in Brasília?

Architect Oscar Niemeyer designed the STF building, inaugurated in 1960 as part of the Three Powers Square architectural complex.

What is the function of the reflecting pool at the STF facade?

The reflecting pool mirrors the modernist architecture, creating a sense of lightness and integrating the building with Roberto Burle Marx's landscaping, while symbolizing the transparency of justice.

What does the STF's location at the Three Powers Square signify?

The location symbolizes the harmony and independence among the Executive, Legislative, and Judicial branches, with the STF as the guardian of the Constitution.