Brazilian Supreme Court modernist exterior with reflecting pool

Modernist facade of the Brazilian Supreme Court in Brasília with a reflecting pool on an overcast day.

About this subject

The Supreme Federal Court (STF) is the highest body of the Brazilian Judiciary, headquartered in the capital Brasília. Its current building, inaugurated in 1960, was designed by Oscar Niemeyer as part of the architectural ensemble of the Three Powers Square. The edifice is a landmark of Brazilian modernism, characterized by straight lines, large glass panels, and the use of exposed concrete. The reflecting pool in front of the facade mirrors the building and symbolizes the transparency and serenity expected of the Judiciary. On overcast days, the contrast between the gray sky and the white concrete accentuates the monumentality of the construction. The STF comprises 11 justices appointed by the President after Senate approval, and its decisions have nationwide repercussions. The building houses the plenary session room, where historic trials take place, such as those related to democracy and fundamental rights. The Three Powers Square, designed by Lúcio Costa, brings together the three buildings representing the Executive (Palácio do Planalto), Legislative (National Congress), and Judiciary (STF), forming a unique urban ensemble in the world, recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1987.

Frequently Asked Questions

Who designed the Brazilian Supreme Court building in Brasília?

Architect Oscar Niemeyer designed the STF headquarters, inaugurated in 1960, as part of the Three Powers Square complex.

What does the reflecting pool in front of the STF symbolize?

The reflecting pool symbolizes transparency and serenity expected from the Judiciary, while also mirroring the modernist architecture.

Is the STF part of a world heritage site?

Yes, the urban ensemble of Brasília, including the Three Powers Square and the STF, has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1987.