Shawarma vertical spit

The vertical shawarma spit is an icon of Middle Eastern cuisine, used to roast layers of marinated meat slowly.

About this subject

The vertical shawarma spit is an essential device in preparing this traditional Middle Eastern dish. It consists of a metal rod that rotates vertically, where thin layers of seasoned meat are stacked, usually lamb, chicken, or beef, interspersed with fat for succulence. The slow rotation over a heat source (gas, charcoal, or electric) roasts the outer layer, which is then shaved off with a long knife for serving.

The technique traces back to Turkish döner kebab from 19th-century Bursa. Turkish and Arab immigrants brought the concept to the Levant, where it was renamed shawarma (from Turkish çevirme, 'turning'). Today it is popular worldwide, often served in pita or flatbread with pickles, tomatoes, onions, and sauces like tahini or yogurt.

Interestingly, the vertical shape maximizes even cooking and allows fat to drip onto lower layers, keeping the meat moist. In regions like Syria and Lebanon, shawarma is an iconic street food prepared on massive spits up to 40 kilograms. The horizontal spit version (like Greek gyros) is similar, but the vertical is uniquely associated with shawarma.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between shawarma, döner kebab, and gyros?

Shawarma (Arabic), döner (Turkish), and gyros (Greek) are very similar dishes of stacked meat on a vertical spit. The main differences are in seasonings and meat cuts. Shawarma uses a marinade with vinegar, garlic, and spices; döner has more cumin and paprika; gyros is made of pork or lamb with oregano and lemon.

What type of meat is used in shawarma?

Traditionally lamb or mutton, but chicken, beef, or mixtures are also common. The meat should be lean with interspersed fat for flavor and texture. In Brazil, chicken shawarma is very popular.

How is shawarma typically served?

Served in pita or flatbread, filled with shaved meat, tomato and cucumber salad, red onion, pickles, and sauces like tahini, yogurt, or garlic sauce. It can be a sandwich or a plate with rice and salad.