Red square moscow

Red Square in Moscow is one of Russia's most iconic landmarks, hosting military parades and historic events.

About this subject

Red Square (Красная площадь) is a historic square in central Moscow, Russia, adjacent to the Moscow Kremlin, the official residence of the Russian president. The name "Red" does not originate from communism but from the Old Russian word "krasny", meaning "beautiful" or "red". Measuring about 330 meters long and 70 meters wide, the square has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1990.

The square is surrounded by architectural masterpieces. Saint Basil's Cathedral, with its iconic onion domes and vibrant colors, was commissioned by Ivan the Terrible in the 16th century to commemorate the conquest of the Khanate of Kazan. Legend claims Ivan had the architects blinded so they could never create anything similar. Another key structure is Lenin's Mausoleum, where the embalmed body of Vladimir Lenin has been on public display since 1924. The red-brick State Historical Museum and the Resurrection Gate also border the square.

Red Square has been the stage for pivotal events in Russian history. From the 17th century, it hosted coronations, religious processions, and public executions. During the Soviet era, it became the center for military parades and communist demonstrations, such as the famous 1941 parade where soldiers marched directly to the front lines against Nazi Germany. Today, the square is a vibrant tourist attraction, drawing millions of visitors annually, especially during the Moscow Winter Festival when an ice skating rink is installed.

Interestingly, Red Square has no significant trees or vegetation; it is a vast paved space. Secret underground tunnels, built during the Cold War, supposedly connect the Kremlin to other parts of the city. Additionally, the iconic Tsar Bell and Tsar Cannon are displayed nearby, within the Kremlin, representing Russian military history.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is Red Square called that?

The name does not originate from communism. It comes from the Old Russian word "krasny", meaning "beautiful". Over time, the word shifted to mean "red".

What is the most famous cathedral on Red Square?

Saint Basil's Cathedral, with its colorful onion domes. It was commissioned by Ivan the Terrible in the 16th century.

What happened on Red Square during World War II?

On November 7, 1941, Soviet soldiers paraded on the square and marched directly to the front lines against Nazi Germany, a historic event known as the October Parade.