Pedal steel guitar

The pedal steel guitar is a string instrument operated by pedals and levers, essential in country music and present in various genres.

About this subject

The pedal steel guitar originated from the Hawaiian lap steel in the early 20th century, in the United States. Unlike a standard guitar, it is played horizontally on a stand and uses pedals and knee levers that alter string tension to change pitch in real time. This mechanism enables precise glissandos and bends, producing a characteristic crying, melancholic sound that became a hallmark of country music from the 1950s onward.

The instrument typically has multiple necks, often two sets of 10 strings each, and a complex assembly of rods and springs. Playing pedal steel requires high motor coordination between hands, feet, and knees, making it one of the most difficult instruments to learn. Virtuosos like Buddy Emmons, Pete Drake, and Robert Randolph have pushed the technique to extraordinary levels.

Beyond country, the pedal steel has found its way into rock (e.g., songs by the Rolling Stones and Led Zeppelin), pop (Paul McCartney, Norah Jones), and even Brazilian music (artists like Sivuca and Heraldo do Monte experimented with it). Its timbral versatility and ability to mimic the human voice make it unique in Western music.

Frequently Asked Questions

How does a pedal steel guitar work?

The player presses foot pedals and knee levers, which activate mechanisms that change the pitch of strings while they are plucked with a sliding steel bar. This allows glissandos and bent notes.

What is the difference between pedal steel and lap steel?

Lap steel is simpler, played on the lap without pedals, with a fixed tuning. Pedal steel has pedals and levers that alter tuning, offering more harmonic and expressive possibilities.

Which famous musicians use pedal steel?

Buddy Emmons, Pete Drake, Robert Randolph, Paul Franklin, and Sneaky Pete Kleinow are iconic. In Brazil, musician and composer Heraldo do Monte is a notable player.