Clarinet keys closeup

Closeup of clarinet keys highlighting the intricate mechanism of springs, posts, and pads that control the opening of tone holes.

About this subject

Clarinet keys form a system of levers that allow the musician to open and close tone holes along the instrument's body, altering the pitch of the sound. This mechanism is precision-engineered to ensure quick action and airtight sealing. Most keys are made from nickel-silver alloys (such as maillechort) or German silver, materials resistant to corrosion and offering good durability. The pads, typically made of felt covered with leather or synthetic material, seal the holes when pressed. Springs made of stainless steel or beryllium-copper provide the necessary tension to return keys to their resting position. Key design has evolved significantly over centuries, with major contributions from manufacturers like Buffet Crampon and Selmer. The Boehm system, adopted by most modern clarinets, standardized key placement to facilitate fingering. Each key and lever is individually adjusted to ensure synchronization and prevent air leaks. Regular maintenance, including lubrication and pad replacement, is essential to preserve playability and intonation.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many keys does a typical clarinet have?

A modern Boehm system clarinet has between 17 and 19 keys, including ring keys, the register key, and keys for low and high notes.

What are clarinet keys made of?

They are usually made of metal alloys such as nickel-silver (maillechort) or German silver, which offer corrosion resistance and durability. Some professional models use silver or gold.

How should I clean the clarinet keys?

Use a soft, dry cloth to remove surface dirt. Avoid harsh chemicals. For lubrication of moving parts, use key oil specifically designed for instrument mechanisms. Cleaning should be done after each use.