Champagne cellar reims

The champagne cellars in Reims, France, hold centuries of history and tradition in the production of the famous sparkling wine.

About this subject

The champagne cellars of Reims are underground tunnels carved into limestone, originally used as quarries by the Romans. From the 17th century, these galleries were adapted by major champagne houses, such as Moët & Chandon, Veuve Clicquot, and Taittinger, to serve as ideal aging sites. The constant temperature of 10 to 12 degrees Celsius and stable humidity provide perfect conditions for the second fermentation in the bottle, known as the méthode champenoise.

The Champagne region, where Reims is the historic capital, has a unique terroir classification divided into areas like the Montagne de Reims, the Vallée de la Marne, and the Côte des Blancs. The main grape varieties are Pinot Noir, Pinot Meunier, and Chardonnay. The cellars, extending over 200 kilometers, store millions of bottles resting on wooden pupitres for the traditional riddling process.

In 2015, UNESCO recognized the Champagne hillsides, houses, and cellars as a World Heritage site, highlighting the cultural and historical importance of this production system. Some cellars, like that of Maison Ruinart (the oldest champagne house, founded in 1729), offer guided tours showcasing bas-relief carvings on chalk walls and tastings. Champagne is a global symbol of celebration, and Reims remains the heart of its production, blending geology, innovation, and tradition.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why are the champagne cellars in Reims excavated underground?

The cellars were originally quarried for limestone by the Romans. Champagne houses adapted them for their constant temperature and humidity, ideal for wine aging.

What is the importance of the cellars for champagne production?

The cellars enable the second fermentation in the bottle and long-term aging, essential for developing champagne's unique characteristics, like fine bubbles and complex flavor.

Are the Reims cellars open to visitors?

Yes, many cellars, such as those of Taittinger and Veuve Clicquot, offer guided tours including tastings. Advance booking is recommended.