Brazilian Supreme Court modernist exterior with reflecting pool

Modernist facade of the Brazilian Supreme Court in Brasília, with a reflecting pool and architecture by Oscar Niemeyer.

About this subject

The Supreme Federal Court (STF) is the highest court in Brazil, located at the Three Powers Square in Brasília. The building was designed by Oscar Niemeyer and inaugurated in 1960, along with the new capital. Its modernist facade features straight lines and geometric volumes, with a reflecting pool that mirrors the structure, creating a sense of lightness and integration with the surroundings. The STF is responsible for guarding the Federal Constitution, judging direct actions of unconstitutionality and extraordinary appeals. The architecture symbolizes the transparency and solemnity of the Judiciary. The reflecting pool, besides its aesthetic value, serves as a natural cooling element, reducing ambient temperature. The Three Powers Square, designed by Lúcio Costa, brings together the three branches of government: Executive (Palácio do Planalto), Legislative (National Congress), and Judicial (STF). The architectural complex was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987.

Frequently Asked Questions

When was the Supreme Federal Court building inaugurated?

The STF building was inaugurated on April 21, 1960, along with the inauguration of Brasília.

What is the function of the reflecting pool in front of the STF?

The reflecting pool serves an aesthetic purpose and also helps cool the environment through evaporation.

Who designed the Supreme Federal Court?

The architectural design is by Oscar Niemeyer, with urban planning by Lúcio Costa.