Sitar indian carved

The sitar is a plucked string instrument from India, with a carved wooden body and long neck, used in Hindustani classical music.

About this subject

The sitar is one of the most iconic instruments of North Indian classical music, known as Hindustani music. Its construction features a large gourd (tumba) at the lower end, a long wooden neck with curved metal frets, and a smaller resonating chamber at the top. The body is often hand-carved with ornamental details, reflecting India’s rich craft tradition.

The instrument has 18 to 21 strings, with 5 or 6 main melody strings and the rest sympathetic strings that vibrate in resonance. The sitar is played with a metal plectrum called a mizrab, usually worn on the index finger. The technique involves sliding the strings across the frets to produce microtones and ornaments (gamakas), characteristic of Indian music.

The sitar gained global fame in the 20th century through master Ravi Shankar, who collaborated with Western musicians like George Harrison of the Beatles. Its mesmerizing sound influenced genres such as psychedelic rock and world music. The wood used is often teak or mahogany, and the detailed carving can take weeks of craftsmanship.

In Indian culture, the sitar is associated with meditation and spirituality, used in ragas (melodic frameworks) that follow specific temporal cycles. Each raga is performed at a particular time of day or season, creating a connection between music and nature.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the origin of the sitar?

The sitar originated in India around the 13th century, evolving from Persian string instruments like the setar. It was refined during the Mughal period and became central to Hindustani classical music.

How many strings does a sitar have?

A sitar has between 18 and 21 strings: about 5 or 6 melody strings, 2 drone strings, and 11 to 13 sympathetic strings that vibrate in resonance.

Who is the most famous sitar player?

Ravi Shankar (1920-2012) is the most internationally renowned sitarist. He popularized the instrument in the West and influenced artists such as the Beatles, John Coltrane, and Philip Glass.