Itamaraty Palace modernist exterior with reflecting pool in Brasília

Modernist facade of the Itamaraty Palace in Brasília, with a reflecting pool mirroring Oscar Niemeyer's architecture.

About this subject

The Itamaraty Palace, headquarters of Brazil's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is a landmark of Brazilian modernist architecture. Designed by Oscar Niemeyer and inaugurated in 1970, the building is part of the architectural ensemble of the Esplanade of Ministries in Brasília. Its facade features curved lines and large glass spans, creating a sense of lightness and transparency that contrasts with the exposed concrete typical of the brutalist style. The reflecting pool in front of the palace not only mirrors the building but also serves as a climate control element, helping to mitigate the dry weather of the Central Plateau.

The name Itamaraty refers to the former palace in Rio de Janeiro that housed the ministry until the capital was transferred. The building in Brasília was designed to symbolize Brazilian openness and diplomacy, with gardens by Roberto Burle Marx and a famous tile panel by Athos Bulcão. Construction took about eight years and required innovative techniques for the time, such as the use of reinforced concrete for large spans. The palace is surrounded by a 12-hectare park, which includes an artificial lake and native Cerrado species.

Interestingly, the Itamaraty Palace was one of the first government buildings in the world to receive LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certification, in 2013, for its sustainable practices. The cooling system uses water from the lake to reduce energy consumption, and natural lighting is maximized by the large glass panels. The reflecting pool, besides being aesthetic, contributes to the local microclimate by evaporating water and cooling the surroundings.

The palace hosts important diplomatic events, such as summit meetings and receptions for heads of state. Its architecture reflects the vision of Brasília as a planned city where functionality and art meet. Visitors can schedule guided tours, which include halls decorated with works by Brazilian artists such as Di Cavalcanti and Cândido Portinari.

Frequently Asked Questions

Who designed the Itamaraty Palace?

The Itamaraty Palace was designed by architect Oscar Niemeyer, one of the leading figures of Brazilian modernism.

What does the name Itamaraty mean?

Itamaraty is a Tupi term meaning 'river of stones'. The name was inherited from the former palace in Rio de Janeiro that housed the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Is the Itamaraty Palace open to the public?

Yes, the palace offers free guided tours, but advance booking is required. Visitors can explore historic halls and artworks.