Erhu chinese fiddle

The erhu is a traditional Chinese bowed string instrument, often called the "Chinese violin," with origins dating back to the Tang dynasty.

About this subject

The erhu, also called the "Chinese violin," is a two-stringed bowed instrument. Despite its simple appearance, its sound is highly expressive and resembles the human voice, making it central to Chinese folk and classical music. Its resonance box is usually made of rosewood and covered with python or snake skin, giving it a distinctive timbre.

Historically, the erhu appeared during the Tang dynasty (618-907 AD), likely derived from Central Asian instruments. It became popular among common people and later integrated into modern Chinese orchestras. Unlike the Western violin, the erhu lacks a fixed fingerboard, allowing characteristic slides and vibratos that require years of practice to master.

In Chinese culture, the erhu conveys deep emotions like nostalgia and melancholy, often used in operas and instrumental pieces such as "The Moon over the Guan Mountains." Masters like Liu Tianhua and Abing (Hua Yanjun) contributed to its technique and repertoire. Today, the erhu is globally recognized, appearing in film scores and fusion with jazz and electronic music.

A technical curiosity: the erhu's bow is permanently fixed between the two strings, a unique feature that allows double-stops and chords, though its primary role is melodic. Standard tuning is D4 and A4 (a perfect fifth).

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the origin of the erhu?

The erhu originated during the Tang dynasty (618-907 AD), likely derived from Central Asian bowed instruments like the huqin.

How many strings does an erhu have?

The erhu has two strings, typically tuned to D4 and A4 (a perfect fifth).

Why is the erhu's soundbox covered with snake skin?

Snake or python skin gives the erhu its distinctive, warm timbre and is a traditional material used in its construction.