Eagle soaring sky

The bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) soars in an open sky, a symbol of freedom and power in the United States.

About this subject

The bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) has been the national bird of the United States since 1782. With a wingspan reaching up to 2.3 meters, this raptor inhabits areas near large bodies of water such as lakes and rivers, where it primarily feeds on fish. Its white head and tail feathers contrast with the dark brown body, a feature that develops around five years of age.

The species was declared officially endangered in the US in 1967, but thanks to conservation efforts such as the banning of DDT and habitat protection, it was removed from the list in 2007. Currently, the population has recovered to over 300,000 individuals. The eagle's flight can reach speeds of up to 56 km/h in dives, and its vision is up to eight times sharper than a human's, allowing it to spot prey from kilometers away.

Culturally, the bald eagle is an icon featured on coins, stamps, and coats of arms. Its image is associated with values such as courage and independence. The scientific name Haliaeetus leucocephalus means "sea eagle with a white head". Despite the common name, it is not bald; the white head feathers create that impression.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between a male and female bald eagle?

Females are generally larger than males, weighing up to 6.3 kg compared to 4 kg in males. Both have the same plumage.

Where do bald eagles build their nests?

They build huge nests in tall trees or on cliffs, often near water. The same nest can be reused and expanded for years.

Do bald eagles migrate?

Some populations are migratory, especially those from northern Canada, which move south in winter for food.