Dome of the rock jerusalem

The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem is one of the world's most iconic Islamic shrines, located on the Temple Mount and recognized for its golden dome and intricate mosaics.

About this subject

The Dome of the Rock (Qubbat al-Sakhra) is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, one of the holiest and most contested sites on Earth. Built between 687 and 691 CE under Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik, the structure is not a mosque but a mausoleum housing the Foundation Stone, from which, according to Islamic tradition, the Prophet Muhammad ascended to heaven during the Night Journey. The octagonal building is crowned by a golden dome 20 meters in diameter, which has been covered in gold since 1993, when King Hussein of Jordan financed its restoration. The exterior and interior mosaics, featuring geometric and vegetal patterns, are exemplary of early Islamic art, influenced by Byzantine and Sassanid traditions.

The location of the Dome of the Rock overlays the site of Solomon's Temple and the Second Temple, making the Temple Mount a focal point of religious tensions between Jews and Muslims. For Islam, the Rock is the site of Abraham's sacrifice and the Prophet's departure to heaven. For Judaism, it is where Abraham nearly sacrificed Isaac and where the Holy of Holies of the Temple stood. The dome itself is often confused with the nearby Al-Aqsa Mosque, but serves as a visual symbol of Jerusalem.

Architecturally, the Dome of the Rock influenced the construction of other Islamic buildings such as the Great Mosque of Córdoba and the Taj Mahal. Its dome is supported by a drum with windows, creating an interior light effect. The interior features Quranic inscriptions in Kufic calligraphy dating from the 7th century, including verses on the oneness of God and Muhammad's mission, making it one of the oldest surviving monumental Quranic texts.

Despite its historical and religious significance, the Dome of the Rock is not open to non-Muslim visitors, who can only view it from outside. The site is administered by the Jordanian Islamic Waqf, while sovereignty over the Temple Mount is disputed between Israel and the Palestinian Authority. The dome, covered with 80 kilograms of gold, shines under the Jerusalem sun and is one of the most photographed landmarks in the Middle East.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque?

The Dome of the Rock is a shrine housing the Foundation Stone, while Al-Aqsa Mosque is a mosque located nearby in the same Temple Mount complex. Both are sacred Islamic sites but serve different purposes.

Why is the Dome of the Rock important to Islam?

It is believed that from this rock, the Prophet Muhammad ascended to heaven during the Night Journey (Isra and Miraj), an event mentioned in the Quran. The rock is also associated with Abraham's sacrifice.

Who can visit the Dome of the Rock?

Currently, non-Muslims are not allowed inside the Dome of the Rock. Only Muslims may enter, while tourists of other faiths can view the exterior and the Temple Mount compound.