Dome of the rock jerusalem

The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem is a 7th-century Islamic sanctuary, a masterpiece of Umayyad architecture and a holy site for the three major monotheistic religions.

About this subject

The Dome of the Rock, located on the Temple Mount (Haram al-Sharif) in Jerusalem, was completed in 691 CE under Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik. Unlike common belief, it is not a mosque but a shrine that houses the Foundation Stone, believed to be where Abraham prepared to sacrifice Isaac and where Prophet Muhammad ascended to heaven during the Isra and Mi'raj. Its golden dome, 20 meters in diameter, is covered in gold leaf and dominates the Old City skyline.

The structure blends Byzantine and Islamic architectural influences, with intricate mosaics and Kufic Arabic inscriptions featuring Quranic verses. The octagonal building has four doors and is surrounded by a courtyard. During the Crusades, it was converted into a Christian church, but returned to Muslim use after Saladin's conquest in 1187. Today, it is administered by the Islamic Waqf and is not open for non-Muslim prayer, though tourists can visit during specific hours.

The site holds immense spiritual significance: for Jews, it is the location of the First and Second Temples; for Christians, it is associated with New Testament events; for Muslims, it is the third holiest site in Islam, after Mecca and Medina. The Foundation Stone, beneath the dome, measures about 18 by 13 meters and is believed in Jewish and Islamic traditions to be the starting point of creation.

A curiosity: the dome's appearance has changed over centuries. Originally lead, it was later covered with bronze, and in 1962 received anodized aluminum. In 1993, King Hussein of Jordan financed a replacement with 80 kg of gold, giving its current sheen. The Dome of the Rock is considered a masterpiece of medieval architecture and often appears as a symbol of Jerusalem.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque?

The Dome of the Rock is a shrine housing the Foundation Stone, while Al-Aqsa Mosque is a mosque located to the south of the plaza. Both are on the Temple Mount, but they have different functions: the Dome is a pilgrimage monument, and Al-Aqsa is a congregational prayer site.

Why is the Dome of the Rock important to Jews and Christians?

For Jews, the site housed the First and Second Temples and is where the Ark of the Covenant was kept. For Christians, the area is associated with biblical events, such as the presentation of Jesus at the Temple. The Stone is also linked to Abraham's sacrifice.

Can you visit the interior of the Dome of the Rock?

Yes, tourists can visit the interior during specific hours, usually in the morning, except on Fridays and Islamic holidays. Modest dress is required, and non-Muslim prayer is not allowed. Visits are controlled by Israeli authorities and the Waqf.