Cell sorting facs machine

Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) machine used in biological research laboratories and clinical diagnostics.

About this subject

Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) is a flow cytometry technique that isolates specific cell populations from heterogeneous samples. Cells are labeled with fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies, which emit fluorescence when excited by lasers. The instrument analyzes thousands of cells per second, classifying them by fluorescence intensity and light scatter parameters. Target cells are then electrostatically sorted into tubes or plates with over 99% purity.

Developed in the 1960s by Leonard Herzenberg and colleagues at Stanford University, FACS revolutionized immunology and cell biology. It is now essential for hematopoietic lineage studies, stem cell isolation, immune subset characterization, and diagnosis of leukemias and lymphomas. Applications also include oncology research (circulating tumor cells) and microbiology (fluorescent bacteria sorting).

Modern instruments like the BD FACSAria and Beckman Coulter MoFlo feature multiple lasers and detectors, enabling analysis of up to 30 parameters simultaneously. Artificial intelligence is increasingly integrated to optimize sorting and minimize cell damage, preserving sample viability. In Brazil, institutions such as Instituto Butantan and Universidade de São Paulo employ FACS for vaccine research, immunotherapy, and developmental biology.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does FACS stand for?

FACS stands for Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting, a flow cytometry technique to isolate specific cells.

How does FACS cell sorting work?

Cells are labeled with fluorescent antibodies and pass through a laser beam. The instrument detects fluorescence and classifies each cell, then electrostatically deflects them into separate tubes.

What are practical applications of FACS?

FACS is used in immunology to isolate lymphocytes, oncology for circulating tumor cells, bone marrow transplantation, leukemia diagnosis, and stem cell research.