Cashmere sweater folded

Cashmere is a luxurious fiber obtained from the cashmere goat, prized for its softness and thermal insulation. Learn more about its features and care.

About this subject

Cashmere is an animal textile fiber obtained from the fine, soft undercoat of the cashmere goat (Capra hircus). These goats are primarily raised in the mountainous regions of Central Asia, including Mongolia, China, Iran, and Afghanistan. Each goat produces approximately 150 to 200 grams of raw cashmere per year, making the fiber rare and valuable. Harvesting occurs during the natural spring molt, when the fibers are combed or sheared by hand. The average fiber diameter is 14 to 19 micrometers, finer than merino wool, giving it the characteristic soft feel.

The structure of cashmere consists of keratin layers that form microscopic air pockets, responsible for efficient thermal insulation. This allows the garment to warm without being heavy, ideal for cold climates. However, the fiber has low tensile and abrasion resistance, requiring specific care in washing and storage. Cashmere items should be hand washed in cold water with mild soap, dried flat, and stored in cloth bags to prevent moth damage.

Culturally, cashmere is associated with luxury and sophistication since its introduction to the West in the 19th century. The Kashmir region in India gave the fiber its name, although today China is the largest producer, accounting for about 70% of global supply. The industry faces ethical and environmental challenges such as overgrazing and labor conditions, leading to certifications like the Good Cashmere Standard that promote sustainable practices. Recycled cashmere is also growing as a conscious alternative.

Interesting fact: the natural color of cashmere ranges from white to dark gray, and the fiber can be easily dyed, but natural cashmere is considered more valuable as it requires no chemical processing. The durability of a garment depends on fiber quality and care, potentially lasting over a decade if well maintained.

Frequently Asked Questions

How to know if cashmere is of good quality?

Check the label: pure cashmere should state 100% cashmere. Quality is measured by fiber diameter (finer is better) and length (long fibers indicate greater durability). A soft touch without any prickliness is also a sign.

Can cashmere be machine washed?

It is not recommended. Machine washing can damage delicate fibers and cause shrinkage. Hand washing in cold water with mild soap is best, or use a gentle cycle with a laundry bag if absolutely necessary.

Why is cashmere so expensive?

The high cost is due to the rarity of the fiber (each goat produces little), the manual harvesting process, and global luxury demand. Factors like sustainable certifications and fiber quality also influence the price.