Rank (Spearman)
- Created by
- Renato Passos, Eng. de Software
- Reviewed by
- Renato Passos, Eng. de Software
Last updated: Apr 18, 2026
Formula
Spearman
About this calculator
The Spearman correlation coefficient calculator is a useful tool to measure the relationship between two sets of data that are not necessarily numerical. It calculates the Spearman correlation coefficient, which varies between -1 and 1, indicating the degree of correlation between the data.
The Spearman correlation coefficient is a non-parametric measure, which means it does not require the data to be normally distributed. Additionally, it is resistant to outliers and can be used in data with categorical variables.
The formula used to calculate the Spearman correlation coefficient is ρ = 1 − 6·Σdᵢ²/(n(n²−1)), where ρ is the correlation coefficient, dᵢ are the differences in ranking between pairs of observations, n is the number of observations and Σdᵢ² is the sum of the squared differences.
It is recommended to use the Spearman correlation coefficient calculator when you want to measure the correlation between two sets of data that are not necessarily numerical. Additionally, it is useful when you want to compare the correlation between two sets of data with different scales of measurement.
Frequently asked questions
What is the Spearman correlation coefficient?
The Spearman correlation coefficient is a non-parametric measure that indicates the degree of correlation between two sets of data.
When to use the Spearman correlation coefficient calculator?
Use the Spearman correlation coefficient calculator when you want to measure the correlation between two sets of data that are not necessarily numerical.
What is the formula used to calculate the Spearman correlation coefficient?
The formula used to calculate the Spearman correlation coefficient is ρ = 1 − 6·Σdᵢ²/(n(n²−1)).
Can I use the Spearman correlation coefficient calculator in data with categorical variables?
Yes, the Spearman correlation coefficient calculator can be used in data with categorical variables.
What does the value -1 in the Spearman correlation coefficient mean?
The value -1 in the Spearman correlation coefficient indicates a perfect negative correlation between the data.