Calor Específico Molar (Cv)

The Molar Specific Heat at Constant Volume (Cv) calculator determines the thermal capacity per mole of a substance while keeping volume fixed. For monatomic ideal gases, the value is given by Cv = (3/2)R, where R is the universal gas constant (8.314 J/mol·K). This expression derives from kinetic theory, considering only translational degrees of freedom. For diatomic or polyatomic molecules, Cv is larger, including rotational and vibrational modes.

The operation is simple: enter the number of moles and temperature change to calculate the thermal energy transferred (Q = n * Cv * ΔT). The calculator automatically uses the Cv for monatomic gas, but you can adjust for other types by selecting the appropriate factor. It is useful for students and professionals needing quick thermodynamics calculations, avoiding manual errors.

Use this calculator in physics and chemistry problems, such as determining the internal energy of an ideal gas in isochoric processes, or in simulations of engines and thermodynamic cycles. It is also helpful for comparing behaviors of different gases at the same temperature. Remember that the model assumes ideal gas and monatomic behavior; for real gases, corrections may be needed.

Cautions: do not confuse Cv with Cp (specific heat at constant pressure). For ideal gases, Cp = Cv + R. Also, the formula (3/2)R applies only to monatomic gases; for diatomic at low temperatures, use (5/2)R, and for polyatomic, larger values. Check if the substance approaches ideal behavior, especially at high pressures or low temperatures.