Átomo H - Energia
- Created by
- Renato Passos, Eng. de Software
- Reviewed by
- Renato Passos, Eng. de Software
Last updated: Apr 18, 2026
Formula
E_n = -13.6/n² eV
About this calculator
The hydrogen energy calculator determines the electron energy levels in quantized orbits using E_n = -13.6 eV / n². This formula originates from the Bohr model, which describes hydrogen's electron orbiting the nucleus in specific energy states. The -13.6 eV value represents ionization energy (minimum energy to remove the electron).
To use the calculator, input the principal quantum number (n), which defines the electron's orbit. The result shows energy in electronvolts (eV), with a negative sign indicating the electron is bound to the nucleus. Lower n values (e.g., n=1) correspond to lower energy states closer to the nucleus.
This tool is helpful in quantum chemistry studies, such as analyzing hydrogen's absorption/emission spectra. However, the Bohr model is simplified and doesn't apply to multi-electron atoms. Advanced quantum mechanics methods are required for more complex calculations.
Frequently asked questions
Why is the calculated energy negative?
The negative sign indicates the electron is bound to the nucleus. Zero energy represents a free electron; negative values show energy must be added to liberate it.
What is the principal quantum number (n)?
The principal quantum number defines the electron's energy level. Integer values (n ≥ 1) correspond to different orbits, with n=1 as the ground state.
Is this formula valid for other elements?
No, this equation applies only to hydrogen atoms. Multi-electron atoms require more complex models.
How to convert eV to joules?
1 eV = 1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ joules. Multiply the result by the conversion constant to get energy in joules.