Sensibilidade climática
- Created by
- Renato Passos, Eng. de Software
- Reviewed by
- Renato Passos, Eng. de Software
Last updated: Apr 18, 2026
Formula
ΔT = λ × ΔF
About this calculator
The climate sensitivity calculator estimates global mean temperature change (ΔT) caused by radiative forcing changes (ΔF), using the formula ΔT = λ × ΔF. Here, λ represents climate sensitivity, a measure of how responsive the climate is to energy flux variations from Earth's surface.
Climate sensitivity (λ) is typically expressed in °C/(W/m²) and varies with factors like greenhouse gas concentrations, albedo, and ocean dynamics. The most cited metric, Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity (ECS), indicates that doubling CO₂ levels may result in 2 to 4.5 °C of warming.
This tool is useful for scientists, environmental managers, and researchers analyzing climate policy impacts, global warming projections, or climate model simulations. It provides context for emissions data and their thermal effects.
Considerations: λ values may under- or overestimate real-world effects due to complex natural feedbacks (e.g., ice-albedo feedback). Calculated ΔF must account for all forcing sources, including aerosols and land-use changes.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between climate sensitivity (λ) and ECS?
ECS is a specific λ metric measuring equilibrium thermal response after CO₂ doubling. Other metrics like transient climate response focus on shorter-term temperature changes.
Why does λ vary across studies?
Variations arise from different climate models, historical datasets used, and how natural feedbacks (like snow/ice albedo) are parameterized. Typical ranges are 0.5-2.0 °C/(W/m²).
Can this calculator be used for historical data?
Yes, if historical radiative forcing (ΔF) is calculated using past emissions and atmospheric constituent changes, including aerosols and land-use shifts.
How does climate sensitivity impact public policy?
It defines emission targets to limit warming to 1.5-2°C thresholds. Higher λ values require faster pollution reduction to avoid exceeding dangerous temperature ranges.