Orange grove with truck collecting fresh fruit

Truck loaded with oranges in a Brazilian grove during morning harvest, highlighting citrus agribusiness logistics.

About this subject

Brazil is the world's largest orange producer, accounting for about 30% of global production and 75% of international orange juice trade. The state of São Paulo concentrates approximately 80% of national production, with emphasis on the regions of Araraquara, Bebedouro, and Matão. Harvesting occurs between May and January, with mornings preferred to avoid intense heat and preserve fruit quality.

Brazilian groves use varieties such as Pera Rio, Valencia, and Hamlin oranges, each with specific characteristics of juiciness and acidity. Transport logistics are crucial: trucks like the one shown travel rural roads to processing industries, often located within 50 km of the groves. Brazilian orange juice is mainly exported to the European Union (50%), the United States (25%), and Japan (10%).

Brazilian citrus farming faces challenges such as greening (HLB), a bacterial disease affecting groves, and competition from other producing countries. However, the sector directly employs about 200,000 workers and moves billions of reais annually. Manual harvesting still predominates, but mechanization has advanced on large properties.

Interestingly, oranges are not native to Brazil: they arrived with Portuguese colonizers in the 16th century, originally from Asia. Today, the country produces about 16 million tons per year, enough to fill 4 million trucks like the one in the image.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the main orange-producing region in Brazil?

The state of São Paulo concentrates about 80% of national orange production, with emphasis on the regions of Araraquara, Bebedouro, and Matão.

When does the orange harvest occur in Brazil?

Orange harvesting in Brazil occurs between May and January, with mornings preferred to avoid intense heat.

What are the main destinations of Brazilian orange juice?

Brazilian orange juice is mainly exported to the European Union (50%), the United States (25%), and Japan (10%).