Sugarcane field with controlled burn at sunset in countryside

Controlled burning of sugarcane straw in São Paulo's countryside, a common agricultural practice before mechanized harvesting.

About this subject

Controlled burning of sugarcane straw is a traditional agricultural technique in Brazil, especially in São Paulo state, the country's largest sugarcane producer. Fire removes dry leaves and facilitates manual or mechanized cutting, reducing the volume of biomass to be processed. The practice usually occurs in late afternoon when relative humidity is higher and winds are weaker, minimizing the risk of uncontrolled spread. Although efficient, burning releases soot and greenhouse gases, gradually being replaced by mechanized harvesting without burning, encouraged by state laws and commitments from the sugar-energy sector. The burned sugarcane field displays a dark coloration contrasting with the orange sunset sky, a typical scene in São Paulo's countryside from May to November, the harvest season. Controlled burning is regulated by the state and requires prior authorization, along with fire brigades for monitoring.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is sugarcane straw burned?

Burning removes dry leaves and facilitates manual or mechanized cutting, reducing biomass volume and processing costs.

Is controlled burning legal?

Yes, but it is regulated by state laws requiring prior authorization, specific times, and fire brigades to prevent accidents.

What are the environmental impacts of burning?

It releases soot and greenhouse gases, contributing to air pollution and climate change. Therefore, there are incentives for mechanized harvesting without burning.