Sugarcane field with controlled burn at sunset in countryside

Scene of a sugarcane field undergoing controlled burning at sunset in the São Paulo countryside, a regulated agricultural practice.

About this subject

Controlled burning of sugarcane straw is a historical agricultural technique in Brazil, particularly in São Paulo state, the country's largest sugarcane producer. Performed before manual harvesting, burning removes dry leaves and venomous animals, facilitating cutting and increasing productivity. However, the practice faces legal restrictions due to pollutant emissions and health risks. State Law 11.241/2002 mandates a gradual phase-out of burning by 2031, replaced by mechanized harvesting. The sunset scene contrasts fire with the orange sky, highlighting the visual and environmental impact of this activity. The São Paulo countryside is home to numerous sugar-energy mills producing sugar, ethanol, and bioelectricity. Controlled burning requires environmental permits and monitoring to prevent wildfires, remaining a common sight in Brazilian rural landscapes.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is sugarcane burned?

Burning removes dry straw and dangerous animals like snakes, making manual cutting easier and increasing worker productivity.

Is controlled burning legal?

Yes, but it is regulated by state laws, such as Law 11.241/2002 in São Paulo, which mandates gradual reduction and requires environmental permits.

What is the environmental impact of burning?

It releases polluting gases and particulate matter, affecting air quality and health, and contributes to carbon emissions. Thus, mechanized harvesting is encouraged.