Pharos alexandria reconstruction

Digital reconstruction of the Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, which guided ships into the Egyptian port.

About this subject

The Lighthouse of Alexandria, also known as the Pharos, was built between 280 and 247 BC on the island of Pharos in Egypt. Standing about 100 to 130 meters tall, it was one of the tallest man-made structures in the ancient world. Its function was to guide ships into the city's harbor, a vital commercial hub in the Mediterranean.

The construction was commissioned by Ptolemy I and designed by the architect Sostratus of Cnidus. The lighthouse consisted of three sections: a square base, an octagonal middle, and a cylindrical top topped with a statue of Zeus or Poseidon. The fire was reflected by bronze mirrors, visible up to 50 km away.

The lighthouse was damaged by earthquakes between the 10th and 14th centuries and finally collapsed in the 14th century. Its stones were reused for fortifications. In 1994, divers discovered submerged granite blocks and statues in the harbor, confirming the location. Digital reconstructions, like the one depicted in this image, help visualize its grandeur.

Today, the archaeological site in Alexandria includes an underwater museum, and there are plans for a partial reconstruction or replica in places like China or Egypt. The original structure inspired lighthouse designs worldwide, including the Tower of Hercules in Spain.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why was the Lighthouse of Alexandria considered a wonder?

Because of its impressive height and technical innovation, being one of the earliest known lighthouses, listed as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.

What caused the destruction of the lighthouse?

Successive earthquakes between the 10th and 14th centuries, especially the one in 1303, severely damaged it until its complete collapse.

Are there plans to rebuild the lighthouse?

There are proposals, but none official from the Egyptian government. Replicas have been built in other countries, such as China, and underwater excavations continue.