Penny black 1840 first

The Penny Black, issued in 1840 in the United Kingdom, was the world's first adhesive postage stamp, marking the start of modern postal communication.

About this subject

The Penny Black was officially issued on May 1, 1840, and became valid on May 6. It was created by Sir Rowland Hill, who proposed a postal reform based on prepayment of postage by the sender using an adhesive stamp. This innovation simplified the system and standardized the rate for letters up to half an ounce, regardless of distance.

The stamp design features the profile of Queen Victoria, based on a commemorative medal, and was engraved by Charles Heath. Printing was done on paper with a watermark, and the black color was chosen to highlight the queen's details. Each sheet contained 240 stamps, and the value of one penny was equivalent to a day's pay for an average worker at the time.

The introduction of the Penny Black revolutionized communication, allowing anyone to send letters affordably and prepaid. Previously, payment was collected from the recipient, causing many issues. The stamp became a symbol of progress and is one of the most desired items for collectors. It is estimated that about 68 million copies were printed, but many were destroyed or used.

A curiosity: the stamps were canceled with a red cancel (called the 'Maltese Cross'), but because the contrast with the black color was low, the red cancel became hard to see. Therefore, in 1841, the Penny Black was replaced by the Penny Red, which used a red background with black cancel. Today, Penny Blacks in good condition are highly valued in the philatelic market.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the value of a Penny Black today?

The value varies greatly depending on condition. A stamp in good condition can be worth hundreds of dollars, while exceptional examples can fetch thousands.

Why was the Penny Black replaced?

The red cancellation was difficult to see on the black stamp, so in 1841 the Penny Red was introduced, with a red background and black cancel.

Who created the Penny Black?

It was introduced by Sir Rowland Hill, considered the father of the postage stamp, as part of his postal reforms in Great Britain.