Orange grove with truck collecting fresh fruit

Orange grove with truck collecting fresh fruit on an overcast daytime, depicting mechanized harvesting in Brazilian agribusiness.

About this subject

Brazil is the world's largest orange producer, accounting for about 30% of global production and 75% of orange juice exports. São Paulo state concentrates roughly 80% of national output, with highlights in the regions of Araraquara, Bebedouro, and Matão. Mechanized harvesting, as depicted in the image, became common from the 2000s onward, reducing costs and increasing efficiency. Special trucks travel through orchards, collecting oranges that fall onto conveyor belts or are hand-picked and placed into bins. The 'Pera Rio' orange is the most planted variety, accounting for 40% of production, followed by 'Valência' and 'Natal'. The subtropical climate with dry winters and rainy summers is ideal for cultivation. Despite the overcast day, harvesting continues, as humidity does not harm the fruit. The citrus agribusiness employs thousands of seasonal workers and moves billions of reais annually.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the economic importance of oranges in Brazil?

Oranges are one of Brazil's main agricultural commodities, generating about US$ 2 billion in annual exports of concentrated frozen juice and directly employing over 200,000 people in the production chain.

How does mechanized orange harvesting work?

In mechanized harvesting, adapted trucks travel through rows of orange trees. The fruits are shaken off by vibrators or hand-picked and placed into bins that are elevated onto the truck by conveyor belts, optimizing time and reducing fruit damage.

What are the main orange varieties grown in Brazil?

The main varieties are 'Pera Rio', 'Valência', 'Natal', and 'Hamlin'. 'Pera Rio' is the most common for juice, while 'Valência' is preferred for fresh consumption due to its sweet flavor and low acidity.