Orange grove with truck collecting fresh fruit

A truck loaded with oranges moves through a grove during morning harvest in Brazil's citrus belt.

About this subject

Brazil is the world's largest orange producer, accounting for about 30% of global output. São Paulo state concentrates roughly 80% of national production, with key regions including Araraquara, Bebedouro, and Matão. Harvest season runs from May to January, with mornings preferred to avoid intense heat and preserve fruit quality.

The trucks used in harvesting are fitted with special cages or bins to minimize mechanical damage. The fruit is transported directly to juice industries or packing houses for fresh export. The sector generates over 200,000 direct jobs and moves about US$ 2 billion annually in exports.

The 'Pêra' orange is the most planted variety in Brazil, representing about 40% of orchards. Other varieties include 'Valência' and 'Natal'. Cultivation requires well-drained soils and subtropical climate, with average temperatures between 22°C and 24°C. Pests like greening (HLB) have been a recent challenge, requiring integrated management.

Manual harvesting still predominates despite advances in mechanization. Workers use clippers and shears to select ripe fruits. Logistics are crucial: the interval between harvest and processing should not exceed 24 hours to ensure freshness.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the main orange-producing region in Brazil?

São Paulo state is the main producer, with about 80% of national output, especially in Araraquara, Bebedouro, and Matão regions.

How are oranges harvested?

Harvesting is predominantly manual, with workers using clippers and shears to select ripe fruits. Morning hours are preferred to avoid intense heat.

What are the main orange varieties grown in Brazil?

The 'Pêra' orange is the most planted (about 40% of orchards), followed by 'Valência' and 'Natal'.