Doctor and patient in social security medical exam room

INSS medical examination assesses work incapacity for granting benefits such as sickness aid and disability retirement.

About this subject

The INSS medical examination is a crucial step for granting disability benefits in Brazil, such as sickness aid (auxílio-doença) and disability retirement (aposentadoria por invalidez). Performed by government-hired medical experts, the evaluation determines whether the insured worker is temporarily or permanently unable to work, following Social Security criteria. The exam takes place at INSS agencies across the country, scheduled via phone (135) or the Meu INSS website.

During the appointment, the expert doctor reviews medical records, test results, and conducts an interview to confirm the existence of a disease or injury that prevents work. The decision may grant the benefit, deny it, or request additional exams. In 2023, INSS conducted over 5 million medical exams, according to official data. Average waiting times vary by region, reaching up to 30 days in high-demand areas.

The examination is also used for periodic reviews of long-term benefits, where beneficiaries must prove continued incapacity. The 2019 pension reform introduced changes, such as allowing telemedicine exams in specific cases, improving access in remote areas. Transparency and impartiality are ensured by the experts' code of ethics and the possibility of administrative appeals.

Frequently Asked Questions

How to schedule an INSS medical examination?

Scheduling can be done by calling 135 (INSS Service Center) or through the Meu INSS website (meu.inss.gov.br), providing your CPF number and personal details. You must have medical documents proving your incapacity.

What to bring on the day of the INSS medical exam?

A photo ID, CPF, appointment confirmation, medical reports, recent exams, prescriptions, and certificates. Additional documents such as hospitalization or surgery reports are also important.

Is it possible to appeal if the exam denies the benefit?

Yes. You can file an administrative appeal with INSS within 30 days of the decision. If denied again, you can take the case to federal court with the help of a social security lawyer.