Astronaut spacewalk earth view

An astronaut performs a spacewalk, floating in the vacuum with planet Earth in the background, one of the most iconic moments of human exploration.

About this subject

A spacewalk, or extravehicular activity (EVA), is one of the most complex and risky operations in space exploration. Soviet cosmonaut Alexei Leonov performed the first EVA on March 18, 1965, lasting only 12 minutes. Since then, hundreds of spacewalks have been conducted for space station maintenance, repairs to telescopes like Hubble, and module assembly.

The view of Earth during an EVA is breathtaking. Astronauts observe the planet's curvature, the thin atmospheric layer, and the vibrant colors of oceans and continents. Many report the 'overview effect', a cognitive shift when seeing Earth without borders. The terminator line, separating day from night, is a spectacle in itself.

Spacesuits are individual spacecraft. They provide oxygen, thermal regulation, communication, and protection against micrometeoroids and radiation. Each EVA requires hours of preparation, including breathing pure oxygen to prevent decompression sickness. Risks include suit failures, contamination, and collisions with orbital debris.

Recent ISS missions, such as Expedition 64, performed EVAs to install new batteries. China also conducts spacewalks aboard its Tiangong station. Future Artemis missions will take astronauts to the Moon, where new EVAs will be performed on lunar soil. The spacewalk remains a symbol of humanity's ability to operate beyond the atmosphere.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a spacewalk?

It is an extravehicular activity (EVA) where astronauts leave the spacecraft to perform tasks in space, using special suits that provide life support and protection.

Why do astronauts perform spacewalks?

For repairs, equipment installation, scientific experiments, space station maintenance, and assembly of structures like the Hubble telescope.

How do astronauts protect themselves in space?

They wear pressurized suits that provide oxygen, temperature control, and protection from radiation and micrometeoroids. They also follow procedures to avoid decompression sickness.