Calculadora de VPL
- Created by
- Renato Passos, Eng. de Software
- Reviewed by
- Renato Passos, Eng. de Software
Last updated: Apr 18, 2026
Formula
VPL = Σ FCₜ/(1+r)ᵗ − FC₀
About this calculator
The NPV Calculator helps investors and managers assess the financial viability of projects. Net Present Value (NPV) is the difference between the present value of future cash flows and the initial investment. This tool considers three annual cash flows and a discount rate, calculating NPV automatically.
NPV is calculated using the formula: NPV = Σ CFₜ/(1+r)ᵗ − CF₀, where CFₜ is the cash flow in year t, r is the discount rate, and CF₀ is the initial investment. Each future cash flow is discounted to present value and summed, then the initial investment is subtracted. A positive NPV indicates value creation; negative indicates value destruction.
Use this calculator when analyzing investment opportunities such as new ventures, expansions, or infrastructure projects. It helps compare alternatives with different cash flow patterns. Remember that NPV is highly sensitive to the discount rate, which should reflect the opportunity cost of capital.
Caution: ensure cash flow estimates are realistic. The discount rate must account for project risk. NPV does not consider liquidity or payback period; combine with other metrics like IRR or payback.
Frequently asked questions
What does a negative NPV mean?
A negative NPV means the present value of future cash flows is less than the initial investment, indicating the project does not generate enough return to cover the cost of capital.
Which discount rate should I use?
The discount rate should reflect the opportunity cost of capital, typically the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) or a rate that represents the project's risk.
Does the calculator work with unequal cash flows?
Yes, you can enter positive or negative cash flows for each year. The tool accepts different values across periods.
How do I interpret the NPV result?
A positive NPV means the project adds value and should be accepted. A negative NPV means value destruction and rejection. Zero NPV indicates indifference.
Can I use this calculator for projects longer than 3 years?
This version is limited to three annual cash flows. For longer periods, you can group flows or use a more comprehensive tool.