Hagia sophia istanbul

Discover Hagia Sophia, one of Istanbul's most iconic landmarks, blending centuries of Byzantine and Ottoman history.

About this subject

Hagia Sophia, located in Istanbul, Turkey, is one of the world's most significant monuments. Originally built as an Eastern Orthodox cathedral between 532 and 537 AD under Emperor Justinian I, it was designed by the mathematicians Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus. Its central dome, 31 meters in diameter and 56 meters high, was an engineering marvel of its time and remained the largest dome in the world for over a thousand years.

After the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople in 1453, Hagia Sophia was converted into a mosque by Sultan Mehmed II. Minarets, a mihrab, and other Islamic elements were added, but many Christian mosaics were preserved under layers of plaster. In 1935, under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's leadership, the building was secularized and turned into a museum, open to visitors of all faiths.

In July 2020, the Turkish government reverted its status from museum to mosque, sparking international debate. Currently, Hagia Sophia functions as a mosque but remains open to visitors outside prayer times. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and attracts millions of tourists annually, impressing with its blend of Byzantine and Ottoman art, such as golden mosaics and massive Islamic calligraphic disks.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the origin of Hagia Sophia?

Hagia Sophia was built as an Eastern Orthodox cathedral in Constantinople (now Istanbul) between 532 and 537 AD, commissioned by Byzantine Emperor Justinian I. Its name means 'Holy Wisdom'.

Why is Hagia Sophia famous?

It is famous for its massive dome, innovative engineering for its time, and its history as a cathedral, mosque, and museum. It symbolizes the convergence of Christian and Islamic cultures.

What is the current status of Hagia Sophia (mosque or museum)?

In July 2020, Hagia Sophia was reconverted into a mosque by the Turkish government. It is open for Islamic worship and also receives tourist visitors outside prayer times.