Enunciado

Antibiotic resistance is possible because bacteria are able
to exchange genetic material through a process known as
bacterial conjugation. In one experiment, resistance to
tetracycline (a commonly used antibiotic) was studied in
Escherichia coli by introducing a tetracycline-resistant
bacterium to a tetracycline-sensitive strain. The resistant
bacterium’s genome contained a protein called an “efflux
pump”, a polypeptide that localizes to the cell membrane
and expels certain small molecules from the cell.
Using fluorescent marking, researchers observed the DNA
encoding one specific efflux pump in between a resistant
bacterium and a sensitive bacterium. With live-cell
microscopy, they tracked the fluorescence to see how the
DNA migrated from one cell to another and how it was
incorporated and expressed in the recipient bacterium.
(Fonte: Sophie Nolivos e outros, Science, Washington, v. 364, n. 6442, p. 778-782, maio
2019.)
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